Displaying 85 results

Advanced Alarming Techniques

Project ID: 201804

Alarms

Do your operators feel overwhelmed by alarm floods?  This project resulted in a guide that can help you understand and implement strategies for state-based alarming.

Alarm and Automation Impact

Project ID: 201901

Automation

This project provides data on the improvement in both operator and plant performance with upset automation (safe-park) and state-based alarming

Alarm Formatting

Project ID: 201302

Alarms

Is there a better way to display alarms on your HMI?  This project attempted, and failed, to create a method different than what was currently being used by members.  However, findings showed there are ways to improve alarm identification using methods already existing in most DCSs.

Alarm Rates I

Project ID: 200801

Alarms

How many alarms are too many alarms?  Alarm standards provide some guidance, but this study put those standards to the test using students.

Alarm Rates II

Project ID: 200904

Alarms

How many alarms are too many alarms?  Alarm standards provide some guidance, and this study put those standards to the test using experienced operators. We found that EEMUA is relatively conservative in its recommendations.

Alarm Sounds

Project ID: 201802

Alarms

This project explored noise in control rooms and detection of alarms. The findings informed a follow-on project that resulted in the design of new, human-factored alarm sounds for operator consoles.

Alarm Sounds Phase II Part 2

Project ID: 201904

Alarms

Building on a previous project that determined that existing alarm sounds were often hard to localize, hear and learn, this project focused on the creation of new alarms sounds that would better meet the needs of our console operators. Twelve new sets of alarm sounds, developed by experts in the field of alarms, are available to members for download and implementation.

Alarm Tones

Project ID: 201604

Workstation

Do your console operators have a hard time identifying alarms?  This report explains why.

APC Impact

Project ID: 202002

Skills / Knowledge

This project examined the impact of APC use, focusing specifically on whether its use degrades operator skills over time.

Background Color for HMI

Project ID: 201501

Graphics

This report may help you understand what goes into graphics color selection.  A subsequent project tested different background colors.

Background Color for HMI II

Project ID: 201702

Graphics

This project assessed the suitability of popular colors for operating graphics (i.e., is gray-scale the right choice?)

Background Color II.25

Project ID:

Graphics

Board Field Collaboration

Project ID: 201806

Organization

Improve collaboration between your board (console) and field operators with these findings.

CAARGO

Project ID: 201803

Training

This should become a fixture in trainers’ toolbox of ways to improve operator performance

CAARGO Video

Project ID: 201903

Training

If you wonder how to successfully use the CAARGO tools this video is for you!  Also, get a few laughs along the way with examples of how NOT to use the CAARGO tools.

Color Coding in Displays

Project ID: 201003

Graphics

Does color choice really matter with alarms?  Does one color provide faster response than another?

Color Use

Project ID: 200702

Graphics

Colorful graphics may be doing your operators a disservice, but there are bigger issues to tackle.

Console Workload

Project ID: 201801

Workload

How much work is too much for a console operator?  This project designed a method that could be used to measure pipeline operator workload.

CRM Needs Analysis

Project ID: 202101

Organization

This project investigated how teams, specifically operations and maintenance teams, work together in a plant setting.  The project resulted in a toolkit members can use to support the development of teamwork, empowerment, and psychological safety in the workplace.

CTA for APC

Project ID: 202301

Graphics

Using APC as a test case for how to determine console operator information needs, this project resulted in a handbook that members can use to execute a cognitive task analysis.

CTA for APC, Phase II

Project ID:

Graphics

This is a potential project that would help to determine the right information to include in an APC graphic and how can we better train our console operators to use that information.

Data Entry Devices

Project ID: 201306

Workstation

Ramp, slider, or manual entry?  What is the best way to enter data in the DCS?

Data to Information (DTI) II

Project ID: 201403

Graphics

Capitalizing on COP member experts in process control, distributed control systems, and human factors, this internal project produced the Data to Information (DTI) Handbook, an invaluable tool for designing graphics to provide operators the right information, in the right format, at the right time.

Decision Aids

Project ID: 201002

Procedures / Job Aids

Task performance is affected by the job aid used.  Labeling, procedure, diagrams, checklists…which is best?

Decision Making Exercises (DMX)

Project ID: 200703

Training

This project explored the application of low-fidelity Decision Making Exercises to fill the gap in training simulators and directly target assessment, problem detection, and decision-making skills. These exercises were found to be both appropriate and very effective in our industry.

Display Content I

Project ID: 200903

Graphics

Technique can be used to: Support display design for decision making. Support organization of information into hierarchies. Support investigating differences among operators (e.g. novice vs experts) to support identification of knowledge gaps and training. Be combined with other data gathering methods for more robust information, including data related to actual screen usage and eye tracking patterns.

Display Content II

Project ID: 201204

Graphics

The work performed can be used to create a structure for operator decision making that would accommodate any process unit. However, the work is not in a state for easy application. Further refinement is necessary.

Display Design Handbook

Project ID: 201202

Graphics

While this project didn’t yield great results, it was the inspiration for the Data To Information Handbook, one of the best tools created by a COP working subgroup.

Display Evaluation Toolkit I

Project ID: 201001

Graphics

Is there a difference between “bad” and “good” graphics? 

Display Evaluation Toolkit II

Project ID: 201201

Graphics

How can you measure if a graphic is “good” or “bad?”  This toolkit gives you a way to experimentally quantify graphic quality.

Display Type Impact

Project ID: 201406

Graphics

Does HOW data is displayed impact how well it can be interpreted?  Three display types were put to the test.

DMX Manual

Project ID: 201504

Training

This project produced the necessary train-the-trainer materials for DMX to be used at our member sites.

DTI Update: Displaying Automated Control Functions

Project ID: 202103

Graphics

A COP group will continue enhancement of the DTI handbook by adding info about how to display Automated Control Functions (think APC).

EPM User's Manual

Project ID:

Automation

This is a potential project that would develop easy-to-use instructions for the Event Prediction tool.

Event Prediction I

Project ID: 200902

Automation

This was our first attempt at using DCS data to predict abnormal events.  While unsuccessful, it helped inform subsequent Event Prediction projects.

Event Prediction II

Project ID: 201103

Automation

This project got us a step closer to our final Event Prediction tool.

Event Prediction III

Project ID: 201304

Automation

Third time is the charm!  This project created a method that successfully identified a compressor surge two hours prior to the event!  However, the display type was problematic, so we went back to the drawing board.

Event Prediction IV

Project ID: 201401

Automation

Eureka!  Over the course of four projects, a method and tool were created that accurately predict abnormal events prior to the event happening.  The tool works but implementing it can be tricky.

Expert Operator

Project ID: 200601

Skills / Knowledge

The results of this effort may be applied to several areas including the development and evaluation of training, the design of new technologies, and the evaluation of operator performance. Further data collection is needed to expand on information and create more detailed expert profiles.

Experts Use of Display Cues I

Project ID: 201101

Skills / Knowledge

How do operators use key cues to make decisions?  This study was inconclusive but led us to a follow-on project using more experienced operators.

Experts Use of Display Cues II

Project ID: 201104

Skills / Knowledge

How do operators make decisions?  This project attempted to find a pattern to how an operator uses cues, but it was discovered that evaluating trends was their preferred method.

Fatigue Data Mining

Project ID: 201005

Job Design

This project used data mining in an attempt to validate the API755 standard. The hypothesis tested was that consecutive working days has no impact on the number of incidents.

Fixation Workshop

Project ID: 202001

Training

Why do we get fixated on the wrong things?  How can we prevent fixation that leads us the wrong direction?  The workshop (and video) produced during this project will help answer those questions and equip trainers to redirect when necessary.

Furniture Impact

Project ID:

Workstation

Do you wonder if different furniture choices can help a console operator stay alert?  This potential project will attempt to answer that question.

Graphic Scorecard

Project ID: 201805

Graphics

How good are your graphics?  This project conducted by COP members resulted in an objective tool to grade your graphics.

Hand-helds

Project ID: 201303

Workstation

Handhelds are cool new tech, but how do we best use them?  This project tells us more about what should (and shouldn’t) be displayed on a handheld.

Highly Managed Alarms (HMA) Survey

Project ID: 201605

Alarms

How are people identifying and using HMAs as specified by ISA18.2?  This survey asked that question (and many more).

Impact of Procedure Detail

Project ID: 202401

Procedures / Job Aids

Procedures need to guide an operator through a task, but how much detail is TOO much detail?  Does the level of detail effect procedure compliance and if so, how?  This project will provide those answers.

Incident Database Mining

Project ID: 201402

Skills / Knowledge

We attempted to use public data to identify human factors issues in industry incidents.  However, we found that poor categorization made it hard to determine specifics.

Knowledge Benchmarking Test

Project ID: 202102

Training

If you want to test your operators’ knowledge of distillation or benchmark across your sites and/or other companies, we’ve got test that can help you achieve those goals.

Knowledge Management

Project ID: 200901

Procedures / Job Aids

This project led to the development of Semantic Procedure Analyzer that can read procedures and convert into a tabular format. This tool can be used for procedure automation or creating easier to use procedure modules.

Large Screen Performance I

Project ID: 201203

Workstation

Does using a large screen in your control room make a difference in time to accomplish a task?

Large Screen Performance II

Project ID: 201205

Workstation

One large screen or two smaller screens?  Which is more effective?

Large Screen Survey

Project ID: 201405

Workstation

We surveyed our members to find out how they were using large screens in control rooms.  The results were interesting.

Limits of Control

Project ID: 202003

Workload

We attempted to use data and testing to identify the point at which operators are engaged but not overwhelmed.

Mental Models

Project ID: 201602

Skills / Knowledge

Can you identify gaps and correct a mental model? This study attempted to do that.

Mental Models-ARA

Project ID: 201102

Skills / Knowledge

Can you objectify an operator’s mental model and use it to train others?

Microlearning and Mentorship Exploration

Project ID: 202202

Training

We asked training experts to help us better understand both microlearning and mentorship and how these methods could be used within our COP member companies.

Operator Training Benchmark

Project ID: 201704

Training

There are many differences among how our members train new operators.  This group of members discussed those differences and similarities.

Operator Workspace

Project ID: 201502

Workstation

How many screens do your operators really need?  This study attempted to create an algorithm to help you decide.

Overview Displays (COSA Graphics)

Project ID: 201206

Graphics

What info does the console operator need for accurate situational awareness? Find out using the COSA Graphics Guide, produced by this working subgroup.

Potential Projects List

Project ID:

Here’s where we keep all our project ideas.  Look through and see if there’s a project that you’d like to be a part of!

Procedure Analyzer

Project ID: 201004

Procedures / Job Aids

We found that procedures are very repetitive.  Using a procedure analyzer can help identify what text is used multiple times.  Having these “chunks” can make procedure creation and maintenance easier.

Procedure Modularization

Project ID: 201703

Procedures / Job Aids

This project attempted, but failed, to create a tool to recreate procedures that were modularized with the SPA tool.

Procedure Warnings

Project ID: 201503

Procedures / Job Aids

Do operators (including those non-native English speakers) have an easier time with procedures that contain warning symbols in addition to just text?  This project answered that question.

Red Means Stop

Project ID: 201806

Graphics

Does alarm color matter?  This study tested if non-unique alarm colors make alarms harder to find on console graphics.

Safety Climate Benchmark

Project ID:

Organization

ShadowBox Train the Trainer

Project ID: 201601

Training

The COP ShadowBox Training system is proven to help operators improve decision making.  This project will help you learn to use the tools as well as teach others within your organization.

ShadowBox Training Method

Project ID: 201305

Training

ShadowBox training was developed for first responders…will it work in our industries?  The answer is yes!

ShadowBox Training Method II

Project ID: 201404

Training

Sure, ShadowBox Training is great as is, but how is it when paired with a high-fidelity simulator?  How about if I made my scenarios more generic; would they still be helpful?

ShadowBox with Generic Simulation

Project ID: 201701

Training

Sure, ShadowBox is great, and makes high fidelity simulation even better, but what about LOW fidelity or generic simulation?

Simulator Survey

Project ID: 200701

Training

Using literature search and a survey of our member companies, we identified a few misconceptions of simulator use.  Are you guilty of these?

Storytelling for Knowledge Capture

Project ID: 202104

Training

The objective of this project was to better understand what story capturing methods members are currently using and if this knowledge elicitation method is appropriate for our industry. (Hint: It is)

Storytelling for Knowledge Capture II

Project ID: 202201

Training

Building on the findings from a pilot project, this project dug deeper into how stories can be captured and used to train others and resulted in a toolkit for member use.

Symbol Size

Project ID: 201105

Graphics

Who knew there was an ideal size for graphics symbols?  Now we do!

Teaming Initiative

Project ID: 202402

Organization

This project is investigating the implementation of the tools developed during the CRM Needs Analysis project, with a focus on the important role front line supervisors play in "teaming" among workgroups.

Time Away from Job

Project ID:

Training

This potential project is aimed at quantifying how long an operator can be away from a job before losing the knowledge and skills required for qualification.

Training Methods

Project ID: 201301

Training

How do we train vs. other high-risk industries?  We found a few opportunities for change.

Training NextGen Operators

Project ID: 201902

Training

The next generation of console operators could benefit from some changes to our existing training practices.  This study identifies a few opportunities to improve our current training methods.

Training Scenario Library

Project ID: 202004

Training

This project designed and built our Training Scenario Library, a place to share training scenarios with other COP members.

Training Systems

Project ID: 201603

Training

How are we training our console operators?  This survey of over 350 individuals helps answer that question as well as compares us to the aviation and defense industries.

Trend Performance

Project ID: 201506

Graphics

Do trends help operators identify process changes more quickly?

Vector Arrows

Project ID: 201505

Graphics

How do vector arrows perform on DCS graphics?  Can we replace trends with vector arrows?

Working Subgroup - Methods to enhance usefulness of ISA 18.2 alarm standard

Project ID: 202403W

Alarms

Trying to implement ISA’s Alarm Management standard?  This working subgroup is exploring why it’s difficult to implement and identifying options to make implementation easier with the ultimate goal of documenting recommended practices.

Working Subgroup - Technology Adoption in Manufacturing Environments

Project ID: 202202W

Organization

Implementing new technology but worried that your operators may not adapt?  This working subgroup created a guide to help tailor your approach to helping operators understand the whys and hows of technology implementation.